Our News
Europe & Green Deal, Transport transition
Role of hybrid vehicles in EU fleet mix questionable: very high CO2 emissions
A real-world consumption data from around 850,000 vehicles across Europe shows that PHEVs are rarely charged, the combustion engine is used too often, and even in mainly electric mode, fuel consumption is considerable.
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Industrial transition, Heating transition, Electricity Transition, Transport transition, Europe & Green Deal, Governance & Institutions
New edition of Ariadne@Brussels launched: ‘EU climate and energy policy in a polarising world’
The Kopernikus project Ariadne invites you to this year’s edition of the Ariadne@Brussels workshop series. From 8 to 10 December 2025, researchers from the Ariadne project will present their latest findings on EU climate and energy policy and discuss …
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Tax reform, Industrial transition, Heating transition, Electricity Transition, Transport transition, Distributive justice, Hydrogen, Europe & Green Deal, Governance & Institutions, Scenarios
New Ariadne paper highlights EU climate policy from 2030 onwards
The EU is in the midst of a debate on new climate targets for 2040 and how the competitiveness of industry can be linked to decarbonization. In a new background paper, Ariadne researchers analyze the historically evolved energy and …
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Industrial transition, Heating transition, Electricity Transition, Transport transition, Hydrogen, Europe & Green Deal, Governance & Institutions, Scenarios, Tax reform
Working together toward climate neutrality
In a new short video, the Kopernikus project Ariadne shows why research into climate policy measures is so important for achieving climate neutrality.
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Europe & Green Deal, Industrial transition, Hydrogen
Europe must provide even better incentives for renewable hydrogen
Ariadne researchers have analysed the EU framework for the ramp-up of hydrogen. This energy carrier, produced with electricity from renewable sources, is intended to decarbonise sectors that are difficult to electrify, such as the chemical and steel industries.
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Paths to climate neutrality
Gabriele Tirelli / Unsplash Transport transition
Heliberto Arias / Unsplash Electricity transition
Federico-Beccari / Unsplash Heating transition
Julian Hochgesang on Unsplash Industrial transition
Maxim Tolchinskiy on Unsplash Hydrogen
Peter Schreiber / Shutterstock Tax reform
StellrWeb on Unsplash Governance
Moritz Lüdtke / Unsplash Europa & Green Deal
Christian Lue / Unsplash 
Publications
Analysis: Real-world Fuel Consumption and Potential Future Regulation of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles in Europe – An Empirical Analysis of about one Million Vehicles
Actual real-world fuel consumption of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) in Europe slightly increased to around 6.0 to 6.2 l/100 km between the registration years 2021 and 2023 for both gasoline and diesel PHEVs. At the same time, type-approval fuel …
Report: A cost-efficient energy transition: Scenarios for climate neutrality 2045 – Summary
Summary Climate change is not slowing down. In 2024, two significant records were set: for the first time, the global mean temperature exceeded +1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels (Copernicus Climate Change Service, 2024), and global CO2 emissions reached a new …
Background: Staying the course in turbulent times – Insights on the current state and ways forward for the EU’s climate, energy and finance policy architecture
With the Fit for 55-package, the EU increased the ambition level of its energy and climate targets for 2030. The targets reflect the EU’s commitment towards an energy system transformation – or, in fact, the transformation of the entire …
Ariadne-Analysis: Hydrogen in the Reformed EU ETS – Implications for Competitiveness and Emissions Reductions
The use of renewable hydrogen is considered an important element for the decarbonization of sectors that are hard to electrify, such as the steel and chemical industry or aviation (European Commission 2020, Ferrario et al. 2022). However, the volume …
Analysis: Selling CBAM – Diplomacy for the European Union’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism
The analysis addresses the question of how the EU’s key institutions understood their diplomatic role with regard to the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism. Which EU institutions communicated with third coun-tries? What channels did they use? Who was taking the …
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