Rahmat Chowdhury / Adobe Stock
Carbon dioxide removal
Certificates stabilise CO2 prices and ease the burden on industry
Integrating carbon dioxide removal into emissions trading can act as a safety valve for industry.
mimadeo / Adobe Stock
Paths to climate neutrality in 2045
Making the energy transition cost-efficient
The new federal government is still in the process of forming, but one thing appears certain: the goal of achieving climate neutrality by 2045 remains in place. Researchers from the Kopernikus project Ariadne have calculated the costs of achieving this goal. According to their findings, the required investments will largely be offset by reduced expenditure on fossil fuels.
Adobe Stock / Radmila Merkulova
Climate-damaging subsidies in transport undermine CO2 pricing
A reward of several hundred euros for a ton of CO2
The Ariadne calculations emphasise that Germany’s current tax system in the transport sector is still dominated by the use of fossil fuels, making it more difficult to achieve the country’s climate targets.
Denis Yevtekhov / Adobe Stock
Mapping variation in institutions for climate policymaking
Effective climate governance through strong climate institutions
In a report, Ariadne researchers offer reform options for German climate institutions in the context of the Klimaschutznovelle.
Kopernikus project Ariadne
The red thread through the energy transition
Research strategies and politicy instruments for effective climate protection
Näher dran an der Energiewende

Our News

Scenarios

De-risking renewable energy investments yields high economic value

Renewable energy projects require high upfront investments. To reduce exposure to fluctuations in electricity prices, governments frequently launch support schemes in the form of long-term public contracts, such as Contracts for Difference (CfDs). Beyond providing financial support, these contracts …

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Last edition of Ariadne@Brussels: “Shaping flexibility, managing uncertainty”

The annual Ariadne conference on climate and energy policy will return once more to Brussels to continue the insightful discussions from previous iterations. The event marks the end of the discussion series under the Ariadne project – but represents …

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“New pathways explored”: Closing event for the Ariadne energy transition project

The Ariadne research project has provided important guidance for the energy transition in Germany since its inceptions in mid-2019, and will leave well-founded recommendations for its further orientation when it closes at the end of 2026. This is the …

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Europe & Green Deal

EU climate policy caught between emissions reduction, competitiveness and investment security

In a background paper, Ariadne researchers summarise how governance, financing, industrial transformation, the EU Emissions Trading Scheme and energy infrastructure need to simultaneously ensure decarbonisation, economic resilience and public support.

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Europe & Green Deal

Ariadne@Brussels 2025: Insights into the conference ‘EU climate and energy policy in a polarising world’

This years iteration of the Ariadne@Brussels workshop series took place in Brussels EU Quarter from 8 to 10 December 2025. Researchers from the Ariadne project presented their latest findings on EU climate and energy policy and discussed them in …

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Our topics

Wege zur Klimaneutralität

Paths to climate neutrality

Making climate policy work: From individual sectors to a perspective on systems, Ariadne explores options by uniquely combing systemic consistency and sectoral detail.
Gabriele Tirelli / Unsplash
Mobility of the future

Transport transition

Ariadne researches technologies and policy options for the transport transition in Germany, involving citizens from the outset.
Heliberto Arias / Unsplash
Clean and affordable energy supply

Electricity transition

Ariadne develops policy instruments and technologies for the electricity transition, taking citizens’ perspectives and goals into account.
Federico-Beccari / Unsplash
Driving forward the transformation of the heating sector

Heating transition

Ariadne investigates barriers to transforming the buildings heating sector and which economic, regulatory and informational instruments can be used to overcome them.
Julian Hochgesang on Unsplash
Transformation of production processes

Industrial transition

In dialogue with stakeholders, scenario analyses and concrete options for action are developed for a climate-friendly and competitive industry in Germany.
Maxim Tolchinskiy on Unsplash
An energy carrier of the future

Hydrogen

From supply potential to costs, from fields of application to uncertainties and risks, from imports to infrastructure, Ariadne provides an overview of the possible role of hydrogen for the energy transition.
Wasserstoff-MolekülPeter Schreiber / Shutterstock
From energy tax to environmental tax

Tax reform

Stabilising the economy while directing investments toward climate protection, Ariadne explores short-term energy tax reforms and long-term restructuring of the tax system for equitable burden-sharing.
StellrWeb on Unsplash
Coordinated and effective policy management

Governance

The energy transition needs institutions for effective governance. Ariadne explores climate policy planning and coordination between the political institutions, actors and levels involved.
Moritz Lüdtke / Unsplash
Integration of the German energy transition

Europa & Green Deal

Ariadne informs policy-makers on which instruments should be reviewed and which reforms should be initiated to ensure effective carbon pricing across the EU.
Flagge Europäische UnionChristian Lue / Unsplash
Paths to climate neutrality
Transport transition
Electricity transition
Heating transition
Industrial transition
Wasserstoff-Molekül
Hydrogen
Tax reform
Governance
Flagge Europäische Union
Europa & Green Deal

Publications

Analysis: De-risking renewable energy investments. An analysis of contract design and project finance using operational wind park data

Wind and solar generation requires large upfront investment but has very low running costs. As a result, the cost of clean electricity depends heavily on financing conditions, since lower borrowing costs translate directly into lower power costs. Low borrowing …

Dossier: Challenges and priorities for Germany’s climate diplomacy

Efforts by Germany and the European Union to advance climate mitigation internationally are under pressure. Domestic political priorities have shifted, international tensions and conflicts have increased, conventional approaches to international climate cooperation have reached a roadblock. At the same …

Background: Advancing EU competitiveness through a more effective climate transition

As the European Union designs its post-2030 architecture, it needs a governance framework that preserves the credibility of the climate-neutrality pathway while supporting competitiveness, simplification, and investor certainty. The 2040 target provides an important anchor for this framework, but …

Dossier: A Safety Valve for the EU ETS Endgame – Containing Prices through Carbon Dioxide Removal

A major question for the upcoming review of the EU Emission Trading System (ETS) is how to contain costs while ensuring that green investments, specifically in energy-intensive industries, are not choked off. A key concern for both is the …

Analysis: Lead markets for the industrial transformation – Implementation proposals for instruments to increase demand for climate-friendly basic materials (Summary)

Lead markets, in which climate-friendly basic materials are purchased despite higher costs due to their product property, can complement the existing policy mix for a competitive and climate-neutral industry.

We are Ariadne

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uni-stuttgart
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The people behind Ariadne

Tudor Mocanu

Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Institut für Verkehrsforschung

Dr. Renato Rodrigues

Potsdam-Institut für Klimafolgenforschung

Dr. Michael Stecher

Fraunhofer-Institut für System- und Innovationsforschung

Marius Neuwirth

Fraunhofer Institut für System- und Innovationsforschung

Dimitrios Tsoutsoulopoulos

Universität Stuttgart – Institut für Energiewirtschaft und Rationelle Energieanwendung

Michelle Alfers

RWI – Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung

Samuel Hasselwander

Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt – Institut für Fahrzeugkonzepte

Silvana Tiedemann

Hertie School